Pre-sketch project of the unified state network of computing centers of the USSR (EGSVTS) Scientific works Glushkov Viktor Mikhailovich

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Pre-sketch project of the unified state network of computing centers of the USSR (EGSVTS)

Chapter I "Basic provisions" consists of seven sections.

Section I defines that the unified state network of computing centers (EGSVTS) interacting with the country's communication system is designed to solve scientific and technical problems and tasks in the field of economics, planning and management in the national economy. The main provisions defining the principles of the construction of the EGSVC, the organization of the collection, transmission, processing of information and the issuance of the necessary information to the governing bodies are formulated.

In section 2, a three-stage structure of the EGSVC is proposed. The grassroots level is formed from computing centers serving enterprises or a group of enterprises. The main computing power is concentrated in the computing centers of the next level - the reference centers located in the places of the greatest concentration of information flows. The highest level of the system is the head computing center of the EGSVC. In addition, the main functions of the computing centers of each level are defined.

Section 3 sets out the issues of interaction of the EGSVC with existing planning and management bodies.

Section 4 describes the main functions of the automated industry management system, as well as the principles of interaction of industry systems with the EGSVC.

In section 5, criteria are proposed for the creation of specialized departmental systems of computing centers serving individual sectors of the national economy, which are characterized by a large specificity of tasks or deep time relationships between technological processes in various parts of the industry, separated by distance.

Section 6 defines the conditions for the rational placement of EGSVC computing centers.

In section 7, classes of tasks are formulated that are solved in the process of accounting, planning and management of the national economy of the country and an assessment of the required power of computing centers is given, obtained as a result of consideration of models of optimal planning of the national economy developed by the Institute of Cybernetics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Central Economic and Mathematical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.

Chapter II "Information systems in the EGSVC" consists of eight sections. Section 1 sets out the principles of the organization of the information system in the EGSVC, which ensures the reliability and unity of information in the process of its circulation in the links of the national economy.

Section 2 provides a classification of the information circulating in the EGSVC by structural features.

In sections 3, 4 and 5, approximate calculations are given to estimate the amount of information entered into the EGSVC from industrial, agricultural and commercial enterprises, as well as an estimate of the volume of permanently stored information on these enterprises.

In section 6, approximate calculations are given to estimate the amount of information issued by the EGSVC to industrial and agricultural enterprises.

Section 7 provides the following final estimates of the volume of information: approximately 500 billion rubles are received daily in the grassroots centers of the EGSVC. bits of information; issued for the production of 230 billion. bits, and the volume of information permanently stored in the grassroots centers is approximately 500 billion bits.

Section 8 defines the amount of information issued from the grassroots computing centers to the reference ones.

Chapter III "Technical means of EGSVTS" consists of five sections. Section 1 sets out the main provisions defining the general requirements for the technical means of the EGSVC.; a list of the main technical means and their modes of operation is given; the initial parameters for calculating the power of technical means and the basic requirements for the technical means of the EGSVC are given. Based on the structure of the EGSVC developed to date and the models presented , the following approximate numbers of computing centers at all levels have been adopted:

the head computing center of the network - I;

reference computing centers - 50;

grassroots computing centers - 6000;

In addition, the composition of the equipment and equipment of computing centers has been determined.

In section 2, on the basis of the general requirements for technical means given in section I, the basic requirements for the computer equipment of the EGSVC are set out, including the technical parameters of electronic computers necessary for equipping the EGSVC.

Section 3 lists the main types of technical and economic information carriers and the requirements imposed on them.

Section 4 substantiates and proposes measures for the use of existing computer equipment in the EGSVC.

Section 5 lists possible ways of using the unified automated communication system of the country (EASS) to transmit information circulating in the EGSVC; data on the equipment of communication equipment of all links of the EGSVC are given. Chapter IV "Reliability issues" provides the main directions for ensuring the reliability of the means of forming, transmitting and processing information.

Chapter V "Organization issues" consists of two sections.

In section I, the main works on the creation of the EGSVC are formulated by year (from 1965 to 1975), including the development of projects for all links of the network, conducting experiments and the final organization of the EGSVC as the technical base of a unified automated system of planning and management of the national economy.

In particular, it is planned:

In 1965 – to develop a draft design of the EGSVC;

In 1967 – to develop a technical project of the EGSVC;

In 1971 – to finish the creation of reference computing centers of the first stage;

In 1972 – to finish the creation of reference computing centers of the first stage;

In 1974 - to finish the creation of the EGSVC, including all support and grassroots computing centers;

In 1975 – completion of works.

Section 2 sets out the issues of training and retraining of scientific and technical and industrial personnel necessary for the creation and operation of the EGSVTS; approximate structures of the grassroots and reference computing centers are given.

Chapter VI, "Assessment of the costs of creating and operating EGSVTS," sets out some provisions that must be taken into account when assessing the costs of creating and operating EGSVTS, as well as the distribution of capital investments by stages until 1975.